April 2024

Researchers from Austria's Johannes Kepler University Linz have developed lightweight, thin (<2.5 μm), flexible and transparent-conductive-oxide-free quasi 2D perovskite solar cells by incorporating alpha-methylbenzyl ammonium iodide into the photoactive perovskite layer. 

The team fabricated the devices directly on an ultrathin polymer foil coated with an alumina barrier layer to ensure environmental and mechanical stability without compromising weight and flexibility.

Researchers from China's Kunming University of Science and Technology and Southwest United Graduate School have doped rare-earth ions into borosilicate glass for the first time to induce the self-crystallization of CsPbBr₃ QDs.

All-inorganic perovskite quantum dots (QDs) in glass materials, specifically CsPbX₃ (X = Cl, Br, I), have potential as next-generation fluorescent materials due to their impressive luminous performance and stability. However, the crystallization process of quantum dots within the glass presents a challenge, leading to uneven crystallinity and subsequent reductions in light efficiency, thereby affecting practical applications. In glass ceramics doped with rare-earth oxides, the introduction of rare-earth ions as nucleating agents can promote the self-precipitation of nanocrystalline crystals within the glass. 

Researchers from the University of Stuttgart, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and Brandenburg University of Technology Cottbus-Senftenberg have introduced a simplified deposition procedure for multidimensional (2D/3D) perovskite thin films, integrating a phenethylammonium chloride (PEACl)-treatment into the antisolvent step when forming the 3D perovskite. 

The “traditional” deposition and passivation processes (top row) and the integrated deposition and passivation strategy to form 2D passivated 3D halide perovskite films (bottom row). Image from Advanced Materials.

This recently developed simultaneous deposition and passivation strategy reduces the number of synthesis steps while simultaneously stabilizing the halide perovskite film and improving the photovoltaic performance of resulting solar cell devices to 20.8%. 

Researchers at Austria's Johannes Kepler University Linz have developed lightweight, thin (<2.5 μm), flexible and transparent-conductive-oxide-free quasi-two-dimensional perovskite solar cells by incorporating alpha-methylbenzyl ammonium iodide into the photoactive perovskite layer. 

The team fabricated the devices directly on an ultrathin polymer foil coated with an alumina barrier layer to ensure environmental and mechanical stability without compromising weight and flexibility. 

Researchers from Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin (HZB) and the University of Potsdam have analyzed surfaces and interfaces of CsPbI₃ films, produced under different conditions, at BESSY II. They found that annealing in ambient air does not have an adverse effect on the optoelectronic properties of the semiconductor film, but actually results in fewer defects. This could simplify the mass production of inorganic perovskite solar cells.

The best performing perovskite semiconductors contain organic cations such as methylammonium, which cannot tolerate high temperatures and humidity, so their long-term stability is still a challenge. However, methylammonium can be replaced by inorganic cations such as Cesium (Cs). Inorganic halide perovskites with the molecular formula CsPbX₃ (where X stands for a halide such as chloride, bromide and iodide) remain stable even at temperatures above 300 °C. CsPbI₃ has the best optical properties for photovoltaics (band gap ∼1.7 eV).

Halide perovskite single crystals such as MAPbBr₃ or CsPbBr₃ possess properties that make them particularly interesting for the detection of ionizing radiation. The most important of these are their high stopping power for absorbing gamma rays, their low-dark current and effective-charge-transport capability. They are therefore ideal for efficiently producing charges when gamma rays pass through them, which is a basic function required for their use in a detection device.

KEP Technologies, through its Setsafe brand, is developing prototype-level radiation detection devices that incorporate halide perovskite single crystals and that can trigger an alarm based on various criteria. These devices target applications for defense and public protection against nuclear and radiological risks.

Researchers at NREL, BlueDot Photonics, University of Washington, Colorado School of Mines and Rochester Institute of Technology have developed a vapor deposition technique based on continuous flash sublimation (CFS) to fabricate all-inorganic perovskite thin films in under 5 minutes in a continuous process. The adoption of the proposed approach may also result in higher power conversion efficiencies of perovskite solar cell.

Schematic illustration of the continuous flash sublimation (CFS) approach consisting of a mechano-chemical synthesis of the source powder (here CsPb(I_xBr_1−x)₃), the high-throughput deposition process in a home-made evaporation system, and a short post-annealing treatment to improve thin-film quality. Image from Journal of Materials Chemistry A

The team described the new technique as a non-batch process that solves two problems associated with the use of established vapor processing in perovskite material manufacturing – the slow speed of deposition and the non-continuous nature of batch processing.

Micro-LED (also known as mLED or µLED) is a display technology based on miniature LED devices that are used to directly create color pixels. Micro-LED displays are highly promising and have the potential to create efficient and great looking flexible displays, which could challenge even the most impressive high-end OLED displays. Micro LEDs are attracting significant attention as next-generation displays owing to their desirable characteristics such as low power consumption, high contrast ratio, high brightness, fast response speed, and long life span.

Perovskite materials can benefit the MicroLED industry in two ways: as materials for color conversion (using perovskite-based QDs) and in perovskite-based LED emitters. Much R&D work is taking place on both these fronts, and interest seems to be growing.

Scalable deposition of high-efficiency perovskite solar cells (PSCs) is vital to achieving commercialization. However, a significant number of defects are distributed at the buried interface of perovskite film fabricated by scalable deposition, which adversely affects the efficiency and stability of PSCs. Now, researchers at China's Central South University, Hunan Institute of Engineering and  Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) addressed this issue by incorporating 2-(N-morpholino)ethanesulfonic acid potassium salt (MESK) as the bridging layer between the tin oxide (SnO₂) electron transport layer (ETL) and the perovskite film deposited via scalable two-step doctor blading. 

The scientists reported that both experiment and simulation results demonstrated that MESK can passivate the trap states of Sn suspension bonds, thereby enhancing the charge extraction and transport of the SnO₂ ETL. 

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